Based on 1,252 survey responses collected by Multicultural Insights in early 2024, the analysis identifies a range of factors that contribute to these decisions, including demographic characteristics, educational experiences, motivational elements, social integration, and external influences such as media consumption and government policies. Understanding these factors is crucial for policymakers and educational institutions to develop strategies that support international students and optimize their contributions to both countries. 

This study distinguishes itself from previous research in several keyways. First, it is one of the largest surveys conducted since the onset of the global pandemic, featuring a larger sample size compared to many earlier studies. Additionally, it doesn’t focus exclusively on STEM students but includes samples of graduate students who study social sciences. 

The survey was conducted during a period of declining Chinese student enrollment in the U.S., adding a timely and relevant dimension to the findings. Furthermore, the study was conducted in close collaboration with the Center for China and Globalization (CCG), with whom MI consulted on the research questions and survey construction. This partnership ensured that the study addressed issues of relevance to policymakers in both China and the United States, enhancing its practical applicability.